Thursday, March 17
Pantheon of Rome to Sicily and Napolitani (Abruzzo (including Cittaducale), Molise, Campania (including Gaeta and Sora), Puglia, Basilicata, Calabria).
"On the 17th of March the year 1861 the Subalpine parliament proclaimed Victor Emmanuel II King of the Italians but" King of Italy "!
The self-proclaimed new Kingdom of Italy, cost hundreds of thousands of deaths among the partisans and southern Sicily (called derogatory "bandits"), deportations, entire villages razed, torture, stupri, leggi razziali e fame.
Gli episodi di violenza contro le popolazioni ...centro-meridionali e siciliane, si verificarono soprattutto durante il cosidetto brigantaggio.
Secondo le stime di alcuni giornali stranieri che si affidavano alle informazioni ufficiali del nuovo Regno d'Italia, in un solo anno, dal settembre del 1860 all'agosto del 1861, vi furono nell'ex Regno delle Due Sicilie:
8.964 fucilati,
10.604 feriti,
6.112 prigionieri,
64 sacerdoti uccisi,
22 frati uccisi,
60 ragazzi uccisi,
50 donne uccise,
13.529 arrestati,
918 case incendiate,
6 paesi dati a fuoco,
3.000 famiglie perquisite,
12 chiese saccheggiate,
1,428 municipalities raised;
(because officers need to consider that as such these figures were certainly underestimated by the Ministry of War)
We ate several killings in the territories of the now fallen kingdom duosiciliano, of which the best known were those of Casalduni and Pontelandolfo, two countries in Benevento. On August 1861, General Enrico Cialdini ordered a fierce retaliation against the two municipalities where the robbers Cosimo Giordano, during action of guerrillas killed 45 soldiers Savoy. Cialdini dispatched a battalion of five hundred riflemen in Pontelandolfo, headed by Colonel Pier Eleonora Negri, while Casalduni sent other soldiers led by Major Melegari. The two small towns were almost razed to the ground, leaving about 3,000 people homeless, and the official number of victims has not yet been announced, the figures range from a hundred to over a thousand deaths.
Other soldiers were known for their questionable action against the brigands were Alfonso La Marmora, Peter Fumel, Raffaele Cadorna, Henry and Ferdinand Pinelli Morozzo Della Rocca. Other cities that suffered a similar fate were Montefalcione, and Campolattaro Auletta (Campania), Rignano Garganico (Puglia), and Guardiaregia Campochiaro (Molise), Barrel and sink (Basilicata), Cotronei (Calabria).
These measures aroused controversy, even by the liberal class. Giovanni Nicotera, intervenne in Parlamento dicendo:
« I Proclami di Cialdini e degli altri Capi sono degni di Tamerlano, di Gengis Khan, o piuttosto di Attila. »
Lo stesso Nino Bixio (che partecipò alla spedizione dei Mille e fu protagonista del discusso episodio della strage di Bronte) denunciò questi metodi in un discorso alla camera il 28 aprile 1863:
« Si è inaugurato nel Mezzogiorno d'italia un sistema di sangue. E il Governo, cominciando da Ricasoli e venendo sino al ministero Rattazzi, ha sempre lasciato esercitare questo sistema »
I metodi violenti delle truppe sabaude furono infine applicati anche per la repressione dei moti di protesta operaia per la chiusura progressiva di impianti industry, such as the steel plant Pietrarsa (present site of the National Railway Museum), where 6 August 1863, to suppress the workers' protests, the National Guard intervened, Sharpshooters and Carabinieri, leaving on the ground between four and seven dead and twenty injured. At the command of the troops was the Quaestor Nicholas Love, which became mayor of Naples, who speaks in his report to the Prefect of fatal and compelling circumstances.
The years following the unification of Italy, because of the misery produced by the systematic plundering of resources and populations of the territories occupied by the new House of Savoy, marked the beginning of "diaspora" POPULATION OF SICILY and THE Napolitani, the periods covered by the migratory movement should be from 1876 to 1915 and from 1920 to 1929 approximately. Although the phenomenon was already present since the first anniversary of the unification of Italy in 1876 which takes place the first statistics on migration by the Directorate General of Statistics. It is estimated that only in the first period left some 14 million people (with a peak in 1913 of more than 870,000 departures), against an Italian population in 1900 reached about 33 and a half million people.
17 MARCH, "the day of the proclamation of King Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy", in order to remember Extermination and suffering inflicted on the Sicilian people and southern ITALIAN PENINSULA, CA PROCLAMATION
"DAY OF COMMEMORATION IN MEMORY OF THE VICTIMS UNIT 'IN ITALY". Source
0 comments:
Post a Comment